Experimental study of granular flow transition near the outlet in a flat-bottomed silo

The discharging process is ubiquitous in the production of food and pharmaceuticals. Usually, devices have relatively simple structures. But unlike outflow liquids, due to transitions granular flow it considered a discontinuous there not yet complete theoretical framework that describes from an orifice. In this work, transition kinematic states near outlet examined experimentally. boundary discontinuity was found study, but velocity profile including gradient motion direction outlet. Furthermore, two methods determinate were developed. This work further clarifies mechanism position during discharge grains. can only help solve problems process, also enhance our understanding complex properties solids confined by bottleneck.